Lewd and Scandalous Books Exhibition II

The exhibition was being set up on friday, so I dropped in to take a look (and a few photos). I have added a few comments to each picture.

[This is the focal- and starting-point of the exhibition, the satirical engraving "The Court Gossops" which depicts a library of erotica. The engraving contains an ale glass identical to the one sitting in front of the frame (see here).]

[The exhibition is organised—largely—chronologically, so on this side we have Classical and European erotica.]

[One of the gorgeous illustrated editions of Ovid.]

[One of two editions of Nicolas Chorier's Satyra Sodatica (ca. 1660), the foundational work of European erotic literature.]

[This is edition of Diderot's Bijoux indiscrets has had the passage in (very poor) English translated into French by its original owner]

[This is on the other side of the cabinet: Restoration satires, focussing on the master Rochester (that is his portrait at the back). The edition of Rochester at the front includes a great illustration to Butler's "Dildoides."]

[As well as a number of 18C editions of Merryland, Monash has this private press reprint from the late 19C and the promotional leaflet for this edition! Just the sort of thing to warm the heart of a bibliographer.]

[Here are three of the large anatomical atlases in the exhibition. In the 18C—as well as the 19C and 20C—the anatomical accuracy, size and beauty of these engravings have resulted in them being treasured and used for all the "wrong" reasons. In Merryland Stretser calls them "bawdy prints" and jokingly refers his reader to them if they want a "Map of Merryland."]

[The two volumes at the top of this photo are extra-illustrated accounts of Elizabeth Chudleigh, Duchess of Kingston, who famously went to a masquerade ball in the character of Iphigenia, a costume that simply required her to take most of her clothes off. Such was her beauty and social standing that engravings of her "in" costume sold like hot-cakes.]

[This is the final case, which brings us back to lady Vane, the subject of "The Court Gossops."]

[UPDATE 13 July 2010: the exhibition has now gone live; you will find a blurb about the exhibition, a "virtual exhibition" (full of photos) and you can download the catalogue here]

[UPDATE: 2 July 2016: After all my pictures disappeared (again) I decided to give up on external hosts for large versions (1000px) of my image files and, for now on, will stick with the smaller images (500px), which Blogger is prepared to host.]

That Celebrated Novel, Love in Excess

Having finally got myself a decent copy of Haywood's first work—Love in Excess—I had another look at my entry for this novel in my Bibliography. Looking at what I had written concerning the book's popularity, likely print run, the location of surviving copies, etc, I was once-again struck by how few copies survive today of this once-popular work. (A total of about twenty sets and odd parts survive out of perhaps six thousand copies.) I started wondering how quickly Love in Excess became a rare book.

[Ab.1.4a Love in Excess (1722)]

So I did a Google search, and then an ECCO search, for references to copies of Love in Excess that had been sold in the eighteenth century and found quite a respectable number of copies turning up before 1800, suggesting that it may have been in the nineteenth century that most copies of this book disappeared.

* * * * *

Of the thirty-eight catalogues that appear on ECCO a few had particularly interesting entries. In A Catalogue of the Library of the Rev. John Pitts … (20 January 1794), 290, for instance, the following entry appears:

9373 Mrs. Haywood's Love in Excess, Morocco, gilt leaves, and ruled with red lines, 5s — — — 1722

(This is Ab. 1.4a.) A very similar entry appears in A Catalogue of an Extensive and Valuable Collection of Books; Containing Many Recent Purchases of Rare and Valuable articles … (12 January 1795), 287:

9106 Mrs. Haywood's Love in Excess, Morocco, gilt leaves, and ruled, 5s — — — 1722

Both catalogues are by the same booksellers (Benjamin and John White) and so it seems that, although the Rev. John Pitts appears to have valued Haywood's Love in Excess very highly indeed—going to the expense to have such an elaborate, beautiful and costly binding, put on a copy of the "Fourth Edition" of the novel—Messrs. White nevertheless struggled to find anyone who shared his enthusiasm in the 1790s.

A much earlier catalogue suggests why, and possibly when, the Rev. Pitts thought so highly of the novel. In A Catalogue of the Library of the Ingenious Mr. Delpfuch (1738), 17, Olive Payne gave the following description:

467 Secret Histories Novels and Poems, with that Celebrated Novel, Love in Excess, written by the Ingenious Mrs. Haywood, 4 Vol. compleat, gilt, &c. 10s 6d—— 1732

As you can see, I do like that phrase: "that Celebrated Novel." One final, notable, catalogue entry appears in A Catalogue of Books the Library of the Rev. Dr. Thomas Sheridan (1739), 34,

729 Love in Excess, or the fatal Enquiry Dublin 1724

This is my Ab.1.6, a very rare volume. It did not—and still does not—appear on ESTC, though I found a copy at Wellesley College, Massachusetts.

The remainder of the catalogues are interesting primarily for their titles, which may or may not reflect the actual owners of the copies of Love in Excess listed, since it was as common to "salt" catalogues in the eighteenth century as it was in the twentieth. But even if the named collectors were not the original owners of these books, it does suggest that Love in Excess could pass in such collections.

Here are five of the first ten examples: Bibliotheca Antiquaria & Politica: Being a Catalogue of the Library of a Very Great Statesman Deceased (1723), A Catalogue of the Libraries of Edward Marshall Esq; And of a Very Eminent Prelate Lately Deceased (1724), Catalogus librorum in omni genere literaturæ præstantium: Being a Catalogue of the Library of the Late Learned Samuel Gibbes Esq. (1726); A Catalogue of the Libraries of the Reverend and Learned Thomas Brathwaite, D. D. Late Warden of Winchester-College, and Vice-Chancellor of Oxford. And His Late Nephew, Tho. Brathwaite, Surgeon and Anatomist (1731), A Catalogue of the Library of Sir John Darnall, Knight, Serjeant at Law, Late Judge of the Marshalsea-Court, Deceased (1736) etc.

Here we have a "Very Great Statesman," a "Very Eminent Prelate," "the Reverend and Learned … Vice-Chancellor of Oxford," a "Learned" esquire, a "Surgeon and Anatomist" and a "Serjeant at Law." Not exactly the swooning, light-headed maids that have been popularly supposed to be the readers of novels concerning love, especially in excess.

[UPDATE: 2 July 2016: After all my pictures disappeared (again) I decided to give up on external hosts for large versions (1000px) of my image files and, for now on, will stick with the smaller images (500px), which Blogger is prepared to host.]

Lewd and Scandalous Books Exhibition

During the break at Monash University, between first and second semester, I have been putting together an exhibition under the title "Lewd and Scandalous Books." It is a huge amount of work curating an exhibition, much more than I expected, and it wouldn't have been possible if it were not for the tireless effort, patience etc of Stephen Herrin who deserves a title much more grand than "Rare Books Assistant Librarian." ("The Bibliographical Society of Australia and New Zealand's Silver Jubilee Prize winner" is another of his handles. Not very snappy, but eminently respectible. See here.)

So, what have I done with Stephen's help? I have had to select hundreds of texts, texts that both develop the exhibition theme and also look good; group them and arrange them in a sequence that fits the available display cases, and makes the most of the size and visibility of each cases while maintaining that sequence; then edit the book descriptions and write the gnomic catalogue text (for hard copy and online catalogues, which use different text) and an Introduction; I have also written a few promotional spiels for the exhibition (see one below) and now I must prepare a short speech for the launch. (I have also had to part with a number of items that I would rather have kept, so that they could appear in the exhibition, on the catalogue and posters etc.) The invitations have now started circulating and the hard-copy catalogue will be printed next week. It is all, almost, done.

* * * * *

The exhibition launch will be the opening event for the 2010 BSANZ Conference in Melbourne, To Deprave and Corrupt: Forbidden, Hidden and Censored Books. (See my blog entry here.) I first proposed the exhibition theme (hurriedly, and on the phone) to Rare Books Librarian Richard Overell when I was putting together my ARC proposal in late 2005 (for 2006). He quickly agreed.

What I had in mind then, and what has now—amazingly—come to pass, is that I organise a BSANZ conference on the theme of my ARC research ("The Dissemination and Control of Clandestine Writing in England 1695–1774") and a matching exhibition of material at Monash (to be launched at the event) as a way of publicising my research and getting feedback on it. (Since I am given to grand planning, I also considered the possibility of encouraging Pam Pryde at the Baillieu Library, Melbourne University, and Des Cowley at the State Library to undertake similarly themed exhibitions.) Those familiar with ARC research fellowship applications will recognise that this sort of thing goes under "E6: Communication of Results."

Unfortunately, I was unsuccessful with my 2005 application, but I tweaked and repeated it after another year of teaching—including the proposal for a conference and an exhibition—and was successful. From 2007–9, while I conducted research on eighteenth-century erotica I tried to make sure that the conference and exhibition(s) that I had proposed would actually occur. In 2007, when I suggested to Pam a complementary exhibition on banned books in Australia for the 2010 conference, she thought it was a long way away, but a great idea (Three years later Melbourne University has a terrific exhibition on this subject. See here). So, despite a few hiccups, and after much sweet-talking (and the occasional application of a rhetorical mallet), almost all my ducks have lined up: ARC, Conference, Monash and Baillieu Library exhibitions. Nice.

The missing duck in this row is my own paper on eighteenth-century erotica that I intended to deliver at the Melbourne conference. The reason for this omission is the realisation—which dawned on me mid-2009—that there is no way on earth I could spend my first year writing and teaching full time, help organise an international conference, curate an exhibition and retain my sanity. So I dropped my paper. I will have ample opportunities to speak on my subject afterward and I can sit back and listen at the conference itself. The papers by Assoc. Prof. Caroline Breashears, Nathan Garvey and Aleksondra Hultquist (among many others) should be a real treat.

And, on the subject of our international conference, this I have only helped to organise. I may have chosen the theme, the artwork, designed the poster and got things moving with the BSANZ and the exhibitions—so some may mistakenly believe that I did a lot more—but the heavy organisational lifting in 2010 has been done by Simone Murray. I knew the theme would be popular, and the response to the first poster was great, but it is largely as the result of Simone's work that the conference is on track to be the largest and best publicised BSANZ conference for many years.

* * * * *

Lewd and Scandalous Books

Although the Rare Books Collection at Monash University does not specialise in the collection of erotica, it is a testament to the breadth and quality of the collection that Dr Patrick Spedding has been able to put together an exhibition that so fully illuminates the erotic book trade. The exhibition focusses on "Lewd and Scandalous Books" from the eighteenth century, and the reprints of these works—many banned for hundreds of years—throughout the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.

With the exception of John Cleland’s Fanny Hill, many of the books Spedding has chosen are likely to be unfamiliar to visitors. And, although many of the topics, tropes and themes are familiar—the sex-scandals and vice of the rich and famous—these works are also likely to have lost some of their sting in a world where the public figures are no longer known and when three or four keystrokes can unleash a flood of pornographic images. It is almost inevitable, then, that many of the books exhibited will seem a little tame and restrained, even quaint and cute, to our eyes.

But this exhibition contains rare literary and visual material that has been restricted and suppressed and which circulated for more than two centuries only in tiny numbers in privately printed and clandestine editions. And, liberal as we undoubtedly are today, much of it still has the power shock. Even the most worldly among us would hesitate to quote the purple passages of Catullus, Rochester or Wilkes in public and nobody would place an unexpurgated edition of the works of these authors on the shelves of a high-school library.

The Exhibition launch 14 July 2010, 5PM

Drinks and nibbles provided

Speakers:
• Welcome to the Conference by Prof. Lynette Russell, Monash University Acting Dean of Arts
• Welcome to the University Library by Cathrine Harboe-Ree, Monash University Librarian
• Exhibition opening by Dr Patrick Spedding, Assoc. Director, Centre for the Book, Monash University

Rare Books Collection at Monash University (here)
BSANZ Conference website (here)

[UPDATE 16 July 2010: the exhibition has now gone live; you will find a blurb about the exhibition, a "virtual exhibition" (full of photos) and you can download the catalogue here]

Eliza Haywood at Primston(?)

I have written before about the popularity and social reach of Eliza Haywood's work, and about the use of provenance research in uncovering details concerning her readers and the availability of her works. Of course, this all depends on our ability to read an inscription and to make sense of it. To identify people and places, which is not always easy.

Here is a case in point: a four volume set of Ab.16.17 La Belle Assemblée, 5th ed. (1743) in a late eighteenth-century half-vellum binding. The covers are worn, particularly the paper-covered parts of the boards, the title-lables have been lost, but the lovely gilt decoration to the spine is still visible, as you can see.

Internally, each volume is foxed and worn. The original engraved frontispieces have been trimmed to the edge of the plate and then mounted on clean pages and bound in, suggesting that the set was not exactly pretty when bound in the late eighteenth-century.

But, when this binding was executed, each volume was given an inscription: the same inscription in each volume. These inscriptions are clearest in volumes 2 and 3.

My reading of this inscription is

Steward's Room
at
Primston

I am not really sure about the "m" in Primston, and I can't find any example of Primston as a place name (though, it could also be the name of a house or estate). There are three ascenders between the "i" and the "s" but the third looks a little different from the first two, so it could be "nc": that is "Princston."

In fact, I pretty-well convinced myself it was Princeton after I discovered that Princeton's University Steward in the late eighteenth century was quite a likely candidate for keeping a small collection of books for students. As you can see here

The ostensible task of the Steward was to maintain the college dining hall but other duties included collecting bills, tuition, fees, and room and pew rents. The Steward also sold textbooks, cleaned chimneys, guarded the belfry and bell-rope, hired and fired servants and purchased college furniture. Originally, the Steward's quarters were in the basement of Nassau Hall, along with the kitchen and dining rooms, known collectively as the refectory.

When I raised this possibility with Stephen Ferguson, Curator of Rare Books at Princeton University Library, he was skeptical. As he pointed out in an email

The town was always understood to be one of a series [of towns] partly along the King’s Highway, with King’s Town to the north (Kingston) of “Prince’s town” and “Queen’s Town” a bit to the west of “Prince’s Town.”

Also, local self-nomenclature at the time often referred to the college as “Nassau Hall” or “Princeton College.” It was not usual practice to refer to use the town’s name as co-extensive with the college. That usual came in the mid to later part of the 19th century, I think.

If "Primston" isn't Princeton, the only remaining avenue of research is via the vendor. The vendor certainly was helpful and so I now know that the set was purchased at the auction house D.M. Nesbits in Southsea, Portsmouth. Whether the trail ends there remains to be seen …

[UPDATE: 2 July 2016: After all my pictures disappeared (again) I decided to give up on external hosts for large versions (1000px) of my image files and, for now on, will stick with the smaller images (500px), which Blogger is prepared to host.]

Great Moments in Dustwrapper Design

I have always loved Gollancz dustwrappers. They are so simple, so easily recognised. It is as if the management of Gollancz decided at some point that they really didn't need a design team after all.

They remind me a little of that Larson cartoon where a man is standing in his doorway holding a dripping paint brush, and all around him are things with their names painted on them: the dog (dog), the tree (tree), the house (house), and the man says something like "that ought to clear up a few things around here". Well, Gollancz's range of its-a-book-you-idiot wrappers are like that: book.

Except this one. This one they went all out on. Its still yellow, but it is covered in all kinds of words and stuff: "Great Reissue!" "Occult Doom & Destiny" Good grief, they really were trying in 1969 with The Super-naural Omnibus. But they clearly over-reached themselves. Have a very close look at the last line of type.

Yep, "Price: 620" (I am not sure of the denomination: 620 pounds? 620 shillings? 620 pence? ) and "Pages: 25/-" (25 pages and some?). I wonder if they ever noticed or, if they did notice, whether they cared. Perhaps it is missing a few brackets and should be read "Price [620 Pages] 25/-" with "620 Pages" as in interpolation.

Perhaps it should be expanded as "The price for this 620 page book is twenty-five shillings"? Who knows. But it is almost as good as the "Barrack" Obama mugs being sold at the parliamentary gift shop.

[UPDATE: 2 July 2016: After all my pictures disappeared (again) I decided to give up on external hosts for large versions (1000px) of my image files and, for now on, will stick with the smaller images (500px), which Blogger is prepared to host.]